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Hatfield Broad Oak (also known as HBO or Hatfield Regis〔(Hatfield Broad Oak Essex through time: Local history overview )〕) is a village and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. The village is approximately south-east of Bishop's Stortford. Near the church of St Mary the Virgin is former Benedictine priory Hatfield Regis Priory. ==History== Traces of Bronze Age occupation have been found in the parish, including the Portingbury Hills mound in Hatfield forest.〔 The settlement of Hatfield was well established by the time of the Norman Conquest and its ''Domesday Book'' population of 115 put it as the ninth biggest settlement in Essex. At one time a royal manor of Harold I, it fell under the possession of William I. Popular for hunting in the neighbouring forest, its royal patronage led to its becoming known as Hatfield Regis, or King's Hatfield, partly to distinguish it from Hatfield Peverel, also in Essex.〔"The Monastery of Hatfield Regis", Rev. Alan Jones. Displayed in Hatfield Broad Oak church〕 By the time the priory was dissolved, the town had over 1000 residents.〔 The name Hatfield Broad Oak has been used since at least 1136, and the eponymous oak was mentioned in record in 1295. The forest still contains the fenced remains of a very large oak known as the "Doodle Oak", estimated as 850 years old, though it is believed to be a different tree to that which gave the parish its name. Hatfield forest, is an Ancient woodland, a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and a National Nature Reserve (NNR). It is now in the possession of the National Trust. The modern hedges in Hatfield Broad Oak still follow the boundaries the ancient forest following clearances known as Assarting.〔Barker, Hugh ''Hedge Britannia'' 2012 Bloomsbury, London p26-7〕 A phonetic version of the name might be that recorded in 1381 as "Hatfeld Broodhook"〔Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; CP40/483; year 1381; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT6/R2/CP40no483/483_0748.htm; second entry, second line 〕 Hatfield was at one time a thriving market town. At the time of the 2001 Census it had a population of 1,600.〔(Local Area Population and Ethnicity - Hatfield Broad Oak in Essex - Town-Guides.org )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hatfield Broad Oak」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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